Rubber ball Baseball.

Factors Influencing Ball-Player Impact Probability in Youth Baseball

BACKGROUND Altering the weight of baseballs for youth play has been studied out of concern for player safety. Research has shown that decreasing the weight of baseballs may limit the severity of both chronic arm and collision injuries. Unfortunately, reducing the weight of the ball also increases its exit velocity, leaving pitchers and nonpitchers with less time to defend themselves. The purpos...

Biomechanical Analysis of Weighted-Ball Exercises for Baseball Pitchers

BACKGROUND Weighted-ball throwing programs are commonly used in training baseball pitchers to increase ball velocity. The purpose of this study was to compare kinematics and kinetics among weighted-ball exercises with values from standard pitching (ie, pitching standard 5-oz baseballs from a mound). HYPOTHESIS Ball and arm velocities would be greater with lighter balls and joint kinetics woul...

Influence of Youth Baseball Players’ Pitches on Range of Motion and Ball Speed

A numerical model for risk of ball-impact injury to baseball pitchers.

INTRODUCTION Metal baseball bats produce higher ball exit velocity (BEV) than wood bats, increasing the risk of impact injuries to infield players. In this paper, maximum BEV from a wood and a metal bat were determined using the finite element method. METHODS Three-dimensional (3-D) bat kinematics at the instant of impact were determined from high-speed videography (N = 17 high-performance ba...

Simulation Analysis of the Influenced Motion from Ball Mass and Shape in Baseball Pitching

We call the ideal motion generated under the artificial environment like a computer "artificial proficient motion". This paper reports the simulation analysis for upper limb how influence is given to pitching motion from ball mass and shape by using the new simulation method for generating artificial proficient motion. The most important feature of our simulation method is that there is a mecha...